Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power Systems

Wind-diesel Hybrid Power Systems are designed to provide electrical generating capacity to remote communities and facilities that are not linked to a power grid. In remote communities previously, diesel-engine linked generating sets have often been the sole source of power as they offer a high degree of reliability. The introduction of wind-diesel hybrid systems reduces reliance on diesel fuel, which creates pollution and is costly to transport.

File:Ramea Wind diesel Aug 2007.JPG

History

Wind-diesel generating systems have been under development and trialled in a number of locations during the latter part of the 20th century. A growing number of viable sites have now been developed with increased reliability of the systems. This is key to their success, as minimizing the cost of technical support in remote communities is vital for the ongoing development and implementation of this technology.

Technology

The successful integration of wind energy with diesel generating sets relies on complex controls to ensure correct sharing of intermittent wind energy and controllable diesel generation to meet the demand of the usually variable load.

The common measure of performance for wind diesel systems is Wind Penetration which is the ratio between Wind Power and Total Power delivered, e.g. 60% wind penetration implies that 60% of the system power comes from the wind. Wind Penetration figures can be either peak or long term. Sites such as Mawson, Coral Bay and Bremer Bay have peak wind penetrations of around 90%.

Technical solutions to the varying wind output include controlling wind output using variable speed Wind Turbines (e.g. Enercon, Denham), controlling demand such as the heating load (e.g. Mawson),storing energy in a flywheel (e.g. Powercorp, Coral Bay).

Some installations are now being converted to Wind Hydrogen systems such as Ramea which is due for completion in 2008

Isolated communities using Wind-Diesel systems

Isolated communities utilizing commercial Wind-Diesel hybrid systems with significant proportion from wind

Community	Country	Diesel MW	Wind MW	Population	Date Commissioned	Wind Penetration (peak)	Notes
Mawson	Antarctica	0.48 MW	0.60 MW		2003	>90%
Bremer Bay	Australia	1.28 MW	0.60 MW	240	2005	>90%
Cocos	Australia	1.28 MW	0.08 MW	628
Coral Bay	Australia	2.24 MW	0.60 MW		2007	93%
Denham	Australia	2.61 MW	1.02 MW	600	1998	>70%
Esperance	Australia	14.0 MW	5.85 MW		2003
Hopetoun	Australia	1.37 MW	0.60 MW	350	2004	>90%
King Island (Tasmania)	Australia		2.50 MW				Flow battery storage system
Rottnest Island	Australia	0.64 MW	0.60 MW		2005
Thursday Island, Queensland	Australia		0.45 MW
Ramea	Canada	2.78 MW	0.40 MW	600	2003		Being converted to Wind Hydrogen
Sal	Cape Verde	2.82 MW	0.60 MW		2001	14%
Mindelo	Cape Verde	11.20 MW	0.90 MW			14%
Alto Baguales	Chile	16.9 MW	2.00 MW	18,703	2002	20%	4.6 MW hydro
Dachen Island	China	1.30 MW	0.15 MW			15%
Berasoli	Eritrea	0.08 MW	0.03 MW				Under tender
Rahaita	Eritrea	0.08 MW	0.03 MW				Under tender
Heleb	Eritrea	0.08 MW	0.03 MW				Under tender
Osmussaare	Estonia		0.40 MW		2002
Kythnos	Greece	2.77 MW	0.31 MW
Lemnos	Greece	10.40 MW	1.14 MW
La Désirade	Guadeloupe	0.88 MW	0.14 MW			40%
Sagar Island	India	0.28 MW	0.50 MW
Marsabit	Kenya	0.30 MW	0.15 MW			46%
Frøya	Norway	0.05 MW	0.06 MW			100%
Batanes	Philippines	1.25 MW	0.18 MW		2004
Flores Island	Portugal		0.60 MW			60%
Graciosa Island	Portugal	3.56 MW	0.80 MW			60%
Cape Clear Island	Ireland	0.07 MW	0.06 MW	100		70%
Fuerteventura	Spain	0.15 MW	0.23 MW
Foula	UK	0.05 MW	0.06 MW	31		70%
Rathlin Island	UK	0.26 MW	0.99 MW			100%
Toksook Bay, Alaska	USA	1.1 MW	0.30 MW	500	2006
Kasigluk, Alaska	USA	1.1 MW	0.30 MW	500	2006
Wales, Alaska	USA		0.40 MW	160	2002	100%
St. Paul, Alaska	USA	0.30 MW	0.68 MW			100%
Kotzebue, Alaska	USA	11.00 MW			1999	35%
Savoonga, Alaska	USA		0.20 MW		2008
Tin City, Alaska	USA		0.23 MW		2008
Nome, Alaska	USA		0.90 MW		2008
Hooper Bay, Alaska	USA		0.30 MW		2008

See also

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Power generation

• Fossil fuel power and petro-free
• Hydropower
• Nuclear Power
• Solar power
• World energy resources and consumption
• Wind-Hydrogen Hybrid Power Systems

Green energy

• Green energy
• Green tax shift
• Grid energy storage
• Renewable energy
• Wind
• Windmill
• Wind farm
• Wind turbine

References

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External links

Template:External links

• danvest.com
• northernpower.com
• pcorp.com.au
• pitchwind.se
• synergypowercorp.com/winddiesel.htm
• sustainableautomation.com
• tdxpower.com
• verveenergy.com.au
• windenergysolutions.nl